濟南沃爾沃汽車專修因車型技術特點（如直列五缸發動機、全時四驅系統），需配備針對性工具，涵蓋多類別以滿足維修精度與效率需求。

　　Due to the technical characteristics of the Volvo car model, such as inline five cylinder engines and full-time four-wheel drive systems, targeted tools covering multiple categories are required to meet the requirements of maintenance accuracy and efficiency.

　　發動機系統維修工具注重適配性。需專用套筒組（含 10-19mm 梅花及內六角套筒），16mm 套筒常用于缸蓋螺栓拆裝（2.0T 發動機缸蓋螺栓分三次擰緊，最終扭矩 85Nm）。正時系統調整用專用定位工具（含凸輪軸固定器、曲軸鎖止銷），確保配氣相位誤差≤1°。噴油嘴拆裝用專用拔卸器（塑料頭部防劃傷），配合扭矩扳手（精度 ±1Nm）按 25Nm 擰緊防泄漏。氣門間隙調整需精度 0.01mm 的塞尺，進氣門間隙 0.25-0.3mm，排氣門 0.35-0.4mm。

　　Engine system maintenance tools focus on adaptability. A dedicated socket set (including 10-19mm plum blossom and hexagonal socket) is required. The 16mm socket is commonly used for cylinder head bolt disassembly and assembly (2.0T engine cylinder head bolts are tightened in three times, with a final torque of 85Nm). Use specialized positioning tools (including camshaft fixators and crankshaft locking pins) for adjusting the timing system to ensure that the valve timing error is ≤ 1 °. Use a specialized puller (plastic head anti scratch) for disassembling and assembling fuel injectors, and tighten it with a torque wrench (accuracy ± 1Nm) at a torque of 25Nm to prevent leakage. Valve clearance adjustment requires a plug gauge with an accuracy of 0.01mm, intake valve clearance of 0.25-0.3mm, and exhaust valve clearance of 0.35-0.4mm.

　　底盤維修工具強調專用性。全時四驅系統的中央差速器拆裝用承重≥50kg 的固定架，防殼體變形（變形量≤0.05mm）。前麥弗遜支柱拆裝用液壓式彈簧壓縮器（最大行程 150mm），壓縮時對稱受力防斷裂。輪轂螺栓拆裝用可調至 350Nm 的風動扳手（17mm 六方套筒頭），擰緊后用扭力扳手復檢（標準 120Nm）。制動系統維修中，電子手剎電機復位需專用診斷儀聯動，再用適配卡鉗的活塞壓縮工具推回活塞，防損壞電機齒輪。

　　Chassis maintenance tools emphasize specificity. A fixed bracket with a load-bearing capacity of ≥ 50kg is used for disassembling and assembling the central differential of the full-time four-wheel drive system to prevent deformation of the housing (deformation amount ≤ 0.05mm). The hydraulic spring compressor (with a maximum stroke of 150mm) is used for disassembling and assembling the front MacPherson strut, which is symmetrically loaded to prevent fracture during compression. Use a pneumatic wrench (17mm hexagonal socket head) adjustable to 350Nm for disassembling and assembling wheel hub bolts. After tightening, use a torque wrench to recheck (standard 120Nm). In the maintenance of the braking system, the reset of the electronic handbrake motor requires the linkage of a dedicated diagnostic instrument, and then the piston compression tool with an adapted caliper is used to push back the piston to prevent damage to the motor gear.

　　電子診斷工具需匹配車系協議。專用診斷儀（支持 OBD-II 協議）可讀取全車電控系統數據，清除故障碼、執行動作測試。關注關鍵參數：怠速時進氣壓力 30-40kPa，冷卻液溫度 85-95℃。Sensus 智能系統故障需用支持 CAN 總線的編程器刷新中控模塊軟件，升級時接備用電源保 12V 穩定。

　　The electronic diagnostic tool needs to match the vehicle series protocol. The dedicated diagnostic instrument (supporting OBD-II protocol) can read data from the entire vehicle's electronic control system, clear fault codes, and perform action tests. Focus on key parameters: intake pressure of 30-40kPa at idle, coolant temperature of 85-95 ℃. Sensus intelligent system malfunction requires a programmer that supports CAN bus to refresh the central control module software. When upgrading, connect a backup power supply to ensure 12V stability.

　　車身與內飾拆裝工具注重保護性。車門內飾板用塑料撬棒（頭部弧形）和帶橡膠墊的拆卸鉗，防卡扣斷裂（更換用直徑 8mm 原廠件）。玻璃升降器電機拆裝用 T20 花鍵螺絲刀，固定螺栓扭矩 8Nm，玻璃與導軌單側間隙≤0.5mm。安全帶預緊器拆裝用設定 30Nm 的扭力扳手，拆前斷蓄電池負極 10 分鐘釋電容電量。

　　The disassembly and assembly tools for the body and interior pay attention to protection. The interior panel of the car door is equipped with a plastic pry bar (with a curved head) and a dismantling pliers with rubber pads to prevent snap fasteners from breaking (original parts with a diameter of 8mm are used for replacement). T20 spline screwdriver is used for disassembling and assembling the glass lifter motor. The torque of the fixing bolt is 8Nm, and the gap between the glass and the guide rail on one side is ≤ 0.5mm. A torque wrench with a setting of 30Nm is used for disassembling and assembling the seat belt tensioner. Before disassembling, disconnect the negative terminal of the battery for 10 minutes to discharge the capacitor.

　　精密測量工具保障精度。氣缸圓度檢測用量缸表（量程 50-160mm，精度 0.01mm），活塞行程中、下 1/3 處測量，圓度誤差≤0.02mm。曲軸軸頸磨損檢測用精度 0.001mm 的千分尺，與原廠標準偏差≤0.01mm（如 2.5L 發動機主軸頸直徑 58mm）。車身漆面修復用漆膜儀（量程 0-2000μm），原廠漆面 80-150μm，補漆后偏差≤50μm。

　　Precision measuring tools ensure accuracy. Cylinder roundness detection uses a cylinder gauge (range 50-160mm, accuracy 0.01mm), measured at the middle and lower one-third of the piston stroke, with a roundness error of ≤ 0.02mm. A micrometer with an accuracy of 0.001mm is used for crankshaft journal wear detection, with a deviation of ≤ 0.01mm from the original factory standard (such as a 2.5L engine main journal diameter of 58mm). The paint film meter (range 0-2000 μ m) is used for repairing the car body paint surface. The original paint surface is 80-150 μ m, and the deviation after touch up is ≤ 50 μ m.

　　合理使用這些工具，能減少維修二次損傷，符合原廠標準，針對新老款車型差異，工具適配性是保障維修質量的關鍵。

　　Reasonable use of these tools can reduce secondary damage during maintenance and meet the original factory standards. In response to the differences between new and old models, tool adaptability is the key to ensuring maintenance quality.

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